Performance of the SD Bioline rapid diagnostic test as a good alternative to the detection of human African trypanosomiasis in Cameroon

Andrillene Laure Deutou Wondeu; Aline Okoko; Ghyslaine Bruna Djeunang Dongho; Christan Doll; Samuel Bahebegue; Ulrich Stéphane  Mpeli Mpeli; Christian Chouamou Ninko; Carla Montesano; Nicolas Félicien Dologuele; Herman Parfait Awono-Ambene

doi:10.4081/jphia.2022.1066

Authors

Andrillene Laure Deutou Wondeu Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon.
Aline Okoko Organisation for Coordination of the Control of Endemic Diseases in Central Africa (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Ghyslaine Bruna Djeunang Dongho School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Central Africa, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Christan Doll Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery (CMSC), Berlin, Germany.
Samuel Bahebegue Organisation for Coordination of the Control of Endemic Diseases in Central Africa (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Ulrich Stéphane Mpeli Mpeli Institute for Statistics and Applied Economics, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Christian Chouamou Ninko Evangelical University of Cameroon, Bandjoun, Cameroon.
Carla Montesano University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Nicolas Félicien Dologuele Organisation for Coordination of the Control of Endemic Diseases in Central Africa (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Herman Parfait Awono-Ambene
hpaawono@yahoo.fr
Organisation for Coordination of the Control of Endemic Diseases in Central Africa (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2917-6160

Background. Case detection is essential for the management of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), which is caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Prior to parasitological confirmation, routine screening using the card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT) is essential. Recently, individual rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for the serodiagnosis of HAT have been developed. Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of SD Bioline HAT to the serological screening of human African trypanosomiasis in Cameroonian foci.
Methods. Between June 2014 and January 2015, blood samples were collected during surveys in the foci of Campo, Yokadouma, and Fontem. The sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of SD Bioline HAT were determined using the CATT as the gold standard for the detection of specific antibodies against Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.
Results. A total of 88 samples were tested: 59.1% (n=52) in Campo, 31.8% (n=28) in Yokadouma, and 9.1% (n=8) in Fontem. There were 61.4% (n=54) males and 38.4% (n=34) females, and the average age was 35.4 19.0 years. In probed foci, the overall seroprevalence was 11.4% (95% confidence interval: 6.3-19.7) with the CATT method and 18.2% (95% confidence interval: 11.5-27.2%) with the SD Bioline HAT RDT method. The SD Bioline HAT’s Se and Sp were 80.0% and 89.7%, respectively.
Conclusions. This study demonstrated that the overall performance of the SD Bioline HAT was comparable to that of the CATT, with high specificity in the serological detection of HAT.

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Deutou Wondeu, A. L., Okoko, A., Djeunang Dongho, G. B., Doll, C., Bahebegue, S., Mpeli Mpeli, U. S., Ninko, C. C., Montesano, C., Dologuele, N. F., & Awono-Ambene, H. P. (2022). Performance of the SD Bioline rapid diagnostic test as a good alternative to the detection of human African trypanosomiasis in Cameroon. Journal of Public Health in Africa, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2022.1066

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Copyright (c) 2022 Andrillene Laure Deutou Wondeu, Aline Okoko, Ghyslaine Bruna Djeunang Dongho, Christan Doll, Samuel Bahebegue, Ulrich Stéphane Mpeli Mpeli, Christian Chouamou Ninko, Carla Montesano, Nicolas Félicien Dologuele, Herman Parfait Awono-Ambene